Embedded Systems

Microcontroller firmware, IoT devices, FPGA digital logic design, and hardware-software integration.

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FPGA Wordle: Building a Complete Game Console from Transistors to Touchpoints

A deep dive into the design and implementation of FPGA Wordle, a fully hardware-implemented word-guessing game that runs on a custom five-stage pipelined MIPS processor, with real-time VGA display and PS/2 keyboard input — all built from first principles in Verilog and assembly.

FPGA MIPS Verilog WebAssembly

EOG Sleep Mask: Detecting Secondary Sleep Strokes in Real-Time project thumbnail

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Biomedical Engineering Embedded Systems

EOG Sleep Mask: Detecting Secondary Sleep Strokes in Real-Time

A wearable, real-time stroke detection system disguised as a comfortable sleep eye mask. By utilizing electrooculography (EOG) to track eye movement and an onboard microcontroller to perform real-time signal processing, the device acts as an automated sentinel.

Arduino Op Amp EOG

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Embedded Systems

One Processor, Two Worlds: Running FPGA Hardware on a Desktop Without Changing a Line of RTL

A detailed walkthrough of the `sim_top` module in this Wordle project — a Verilator-based simulation harness that virtualizes keyboard input and VGA output, allowing the same MIPS processor design to run interactively on a desktop computer without modification.

Biomedical Engineering Embedded Systems

Digital Spirometer: State Machines & FVC Algorithms

Learn how to implement a state machine and FVC algorithm for a digital spirometer.

Biomedical Engineering Embedded Systems

From Voltage to Volume — Calibrating Analog Sensors

Learn how to calibrate an analog pressure sensor to measure volume using numerical integration.

Biomedical Engineering Embedded Systems

Isolating the Corneo-Retinal Dipole: Building a Robust EOG Analog Front-End

The human eye is a natural dipole. The cornea carries a positive charge while the retina is negatively charged, creating a resting potential of roughly 10 to 30 millivolts. The raw voltage potential reaching the skin is attenuated to the microvolt range and completely drowned out by surrounding electromagnetic interference (EMI) and electromyographic (EMG) muscle noise.

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